A toothache is pain in or around a tooth that can be sharp, throbbing, or constant. It can be caused by various dental problems and may be triggered by activities like chewing, eating hot or cold foods, or even touching the affected area.

Common causes of toothache include:

• Tooth Decay: Cavities can lead to toothaches as they penetrate deeper into the tooth.

• Dental Abscess: An infection at the root of the tooth or between the gum and a tooth.

• Cracked or Damaged Tooth: A fracture in the tooth can cause pain.

• Loose or Broken Fillings: Fillings that have become loose or broken can expose the sensitive inner parts of the tooth.

• Infected Gums: Gum disease or infections can cause pain.

• Teething: Babies and young children can experience discomfort when their teeth start to come in.

Symptoms may include:

• Pain: Sharp, throbbing, or constant pain in or around the tooth.

• Swelling: Swelling around the affected tooth or jaw.

• Sensitivity: Pain when consuming hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks.

• Fever: Sometimes, a toothache can be accompanied by a fever.

• Bad Taste: A bad taste in the mouth due to infection.

Diagnosis typically involves:

• Medical History and Physical Examination: Your dentist will ask about your symptoms and perform a physical exam.

• Imaging Tests: X-rays or other imaging tests may be used to identify the cause of the pain.

Treatment depends on the cause of the toothache:

• Medications: Pain relievers like ibuprofen or paracetamol can help alleviate pain.

• Dental Treatments: Fillings, root canals, or extractions may be necessary depending on the cause.

• Antibiotics: If there is an infection, antibiotics may be prescribed.

• Home Remedies: Rinsing with salt water, using pain-relieving gels, and avoiding hot or cold foods can provide temporary relief.

Prevention includes:

• Good Oral Hygiene: Brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and using mouthwash.

• Regular Dental Check-Ups: Visiting the dentist regularly for cleanings and check-ups.

• Healthy Diet: Reducing sugary foods and drinks.

• Protective Measures: Using mouthguards during sports and avoiding chewing on hard objects.